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Unemployed in Belgium: your rights and the new rules

Since 2026, unemployment benefit has been limited in time. Many people receive a letter from the RVA / ONEM saying their benefit will stop. We explain what this means for you and what you can do.

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Benefits stop in groups. The first groups lost their benefit on 1 January, 1 March and 1 April 2026. The last group follows between 1 July 2026 and 30 June 2027. People affected are warned in advance by letter.

Is your benefit stopping? You can often make an appointment at your municipality’s OCMW / CPAS a month in advance. Stay registered with VDAB, Actiris or Forem too.

Did you work in Romania before? Those periods can sometimes count towards your rights in Belgium, through a European form (U1).

Which documents do you usually need?

  • Letter from the RVA / ONEM or your payment body
  • Identity card or residence card
  • Employment contracts and C4 forms
  • Possibly form U1 for work in Romania
  • Proof of income and rent (for the OCMW / CPAS)

This is a general list. Exactly which documents you need depends on your situation and your municipality. After our first contact, you will receive a list tailored to you.

How it works

  1. You tell us your situation

    Via the contact form, in your own language. We ask the right questions.

  2. You receive a clear plan

    You know which documents you need, where to go and what it costs.

  3. We follow up

    We help with forms and letters until your file is in order.

Frequently asked questions

How much longer will I receive benefit?

For new claims the duration is limited, usually to about two years. For people already receiving benefit, it stops in groups. The RVA / ONEM letter shows your date.

What if my benefit stops?

You can ask the OCMW / CPAS for help, preferably a month before the end date. We help with the application.

Does my work in Romania count?

Sometimes, yes. With form U1, work periods in another EU country can count. We look at it together.

Need help with your application?

Briefly describe your situation. You will receive a personal reply within 24 hours, in Romanian, Dutch, French or English.

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